@article {Kalagiri728, author = {Ram R Kalagiri and Niraj Vora and Jessica L Wilson and Syeda H Afroze and Venkata N Raju and Vinayak Govande and Madhava R Beeram and Thomas J Kuehl and Mohammad Nasir Uddin}, title = {Diabetes and pre-eclampsia affecting pregnancy: a retrospective cross-sectional study}, volume = {66}, number = {4}, pages = {728--732}, year = {2018}, doi = {10.1136/jim-2017-000537}, publisher = {BMJ Publishing Group Limited}, abstract = {The interaction between pre-eclampsia and diabetes mellitus (DM) is far from being completely understood. In this study, we compared normal pregnancies with those complicated with pre-eclampsia, gestational DM, and/or pre-existing diabetes to assess the effects of hyperglycemia on placental development. AnInstitutional Review Board (IRB) approved retrospective cross-sectional study with 621 subjects was performed. Statistical analysis was performed using Duncan{\textquoteright}s post hoc test and analysis of variance. Regardless of diabetes status, patients with pre-eclampsia delivered prematurely. Patients in the group with pre-eclampsia and pregestational diabetes delivered much earlier, at 35.0{\textpm}0.4 weeks, when compared with the patients that had pre-eclampsia with gestational diabetes and pre-eclampsia with no diabetes (*P\<0.05 for each). Additionally, patients with pre-existing diabetes who developed pre-eclampsia delivered smaller babies than those with pre-existing diabetes without pre-eclampsia (1.00{\textpm}0.03, P\<0.05 for each). Pre-existing diabetes with added insult of pre-eclampsia led to fetal growth restriction. This outcome validates the understanding that elevated glucose earlier in pregnancy alters placentogenesis and leads to fetal growth restriction.}, issn = {1081-5589}, URL = {http://hw-f5-jim.highwire.org/content/66/4/728}, eprint = {http://hw-f5-jim.highwire.org/content/66/4/728.full.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Investigative Medicine} }