Joint effect between gene promoter region methylation and different cancer stages for cancer recurrence in patients with colorectal cancer
| Normal tissues | Tumor tissues | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Recurrence in different stages by methylation | Number of participants | Number of cases (%) | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Number of participants | Number of cases (%) | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) |
| CDKN2A | ||||||||
| UnMe/local (1 and 2)* | 55 | 7 (12.7) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 44 | 5 (11.4) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) |
| UnMe/advanced (3 and 4)† | 53 | 25 (47.2) | 6.12 (2.35 to 15.97) | 5.40 (1.99 to 14.62) | 32 | 14 (43.8) | 6.07 (1.89 to 19.43) | 4.95 (1.46 to 16.83) |
| Me/local (1 and 2)‡ | 15 | 1 (6.7) | 0.49 (0.06 to 4.33) | 0.50 (0.06 to 4.47) | 26 | 3 (11.5) | 1.02 (0.22 to 4.66) | 1.09 (0.23 to 5.23) |
| Me/advanced (3 and 4)§ | 9 | 8 (88.9) | 54.86 (5.93 to 507.60) | 34.40 (3.51 to 336.99) | 30 | 19 (63.3) | 13.47 (4.10 to 44.30) | 12.21 (3.38 to 44.11) |
| p Value¶ | <0.001 | 0.002 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| MLH1 | ||||||||
| UnMe/local (1 and 2)* | 68 | 8 (11.8) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 57 | 7 (12.3) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) |
| UnMe/advanced (3 and 4)† | 59 | 31 (52.5) | 8.30 (3.38 to 20.37) | 6.74 (2.61 to 17.38) | 54 | 29 (53.7) | 8.29 (3.19 to 21.53) | 6.81 (2.49 to 18.65) |
| Me/local (1 and 2)‡ | 2 | 0 (0.0) | NA** | NA** | 13 | 1 (7.7) | 0.60 (0.07 to 5.31) | 0.62 (0.07 to 5.72) |
| Me/advanced (3 and 4)§ | 3 | 2 (66.7) | 15.00 (1.22 to 184.81) | 10.81 (0.83 to 140.40) | 8 | 4 (50.0) | 7.14 (1.45 to 35.23) | 5.85 (1.12 to 30.47) |
| p Value¶ | 0.035 | 0.069 | 0.016 | 0.036 | ||||
| MGMT | ||||||||
| UnMe/local (1 and 2)* | 67 | 7 (10.4) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 40 | 4 (10.0) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) |
| UnMe/advanced (3 and 4)† | 56 | 29 (51.8) | 9.21 (3.59 to 23.62) | 7.41 (2.75 to 19.97) | 33 | 20 (60.6) | 13.85 (3.98 to 48.18) | 9.64 (2.61 to 35.62) |
| Me/local (1 and 2)‡ | 3 | 1 (33.3) | 4.29 (0.34 to 53.53) | 2.62 (0.20 to 34.19) | 30 | 4 (13.3) | 1.38 (0.32 to 6.05) | 1.15 (0.26 to 5.17) |
| Me/advanced (3 and 4)§ | 6 | 4 (66.7) | 17.14 (2.64 to 111.14) | 13.90 (2.03 to 95.21) | 29 | 13 (44.8) | 7.31 (2.06 to 25.93) | 6.12 (1.66 to 22.58) |
| p Value¶ | 0.003 | 0.007 | 0.002 | 0.007 | ||||
| ≥1 of genes | ||||||||
| UnMe/local (1 and 2)* | 51 | 6 (11.8) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | 24 | 2 (8.3) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) |
| UnMe/advanced (3 and 4)† | 47 | 21 (44.7) | 6.06 (2.17 to 16.93) | 5.15 (1.77 to 14.99) | 20 | 10 (50.0) | 11.00 (2.03 to 59.75) | 7.51 (1.31 to 43.24) |
| Me/local (1 and 2)‡ | 19 | 2 (10.5) | 0.88 (0.16 to 4.80) | 0.77 (0.14 to 4.32) | 46 | 6 (13.0) | 1.65 (0.31 to 8.88) | 1.50 (0.27 to 8.23) |
| Me/advanced (3 and 4)§ | 15 | 12 (80.0) | 30.00 (6.53 to 137.88) | 20.35 (4.16 to 99.57) | 42 | 23 (54.8) | 13.32 (2.77 to 64.00) | 10.81 (2.15 to 54.26) |
| p Value¶ | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.001 | 0.004 | ||||
*UnMe/local (1 and 2): gene promoter region unmethylated with cancer stage 1 or 2.
†UnMe/advanced (3 and 4): gene promoter region unmethylated with cancer stage 3 or 4.
‡Me/local (1 and 2): gene promoter region methylated with cancer stage 1 or 2.
§Me/advanced (3 and 4): gene promoter region methylated with cancer stage 3 or 4.
¶p for the joint effect interaction.
**NA due to limited numbers of cases.
CDKN2A, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A; MGMT, O-6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase; MLH1, mutL homolog 1; NA, not available.