Clinical information of patients
| No survived event (n=918) | Survived event (n=463) | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prehospital | |||
| Arrest at home | 76 (8.3) | 34 (7.3) | 0.544 |
| Witnessed arrest | 299 (32.6) | 259 (55.9) | <0.001* |
| Bystander CPR | 118 (12.9) | 73 (15.8) | 0.139 |
| Response time (min)† | |||
| Time to EMS arrival at the scene | 5.2 (2.4) | 4.9 (2.4) | 0.040* |
| Time to EMS starting CPR | 9.3 (4.9) | 9.2 (5.1) | 0.675 |
| Time to EMS departing the scene | 17.1 (6.0) | 16.1 (6.2) | 0.004* |
| Time to EMS arrival at the hospital | 26.0 (6.5) | 24.7 (7.0) | <0.001* |
| AED | 0.005* | ||
| No AED use | 44 (4.8) | 27 (5.8) | |
| Initial AED rhythm non-shockable | 801 (87.3) | 375 (81.0) | |
| Initial AED rhythm shockable | 73 (8.0) | 61 (13.2) | |
| Advanced airway management by EMS | 227 (24.7) | 147 (31.7) | 0.006* |
| Epinephrine given by EMS | 175 (19.1) | 101 (21.8) | 0.227 |
| Hospital | |||
| Initial 12-lead ECG rhythm shockable | 35 (3.8) | 37 (8.0) | 0.001* |
| Medications | |||
| Epinephrine | 835 (91.0) | 415 (89.6) | 0.427 |
| Atropine | 192 (20.9) | 139 (30.0) | <0.001* |
| Sodium bicarbonate | 273 (29.7) | 151 (32.6) | 0.274 |
| Amiodarone | 114 (12.4) | 60 (13.0) | 0.775 |
| MgSO4 | 14 (1.5) | 20 (4.3) | 0.002* |
| Lidocaine | 14 (1.5) | 7 (1.5) | 0.985 |
| VT/VF during CPR | 181 (19.7) | 125 (27.0) | 0.002* |
| Cardiac etiology | 664 (72.3) | 238 (51.4) | <0.001* |
*p<0.05.
†Data were presented as count (percentage) or mean (SD).
AED, automated external defibrillator; CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; EMS, emergency medical service; VF, ventricular fibrillation; VT, ventricular tachycardia.