Baseline characteristics
| Patients without non-cardiac procedures (n=140) | Patients with ≥1 non-cardiac procedure (n=69) | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 54.6±15.9 years | 59.5±13.9 years | 0.032 |
| Male gender | 110 (79%) | 55 (80%) | 1.000 |
| Race | 0.669 | ||
| Caucasian | 69 (49%) | 31 (45%) | |
| African-American | 31 (22%) | 13(19%) | |
| Hispanic | 1 (1%) | 2 (3%) | |
| Asian | 1 (1%) | 0 | |
| Unknown | 37 (26%) | 22 (32%) | |
| Other | 1 (1%) | 1 (1%) | |
| Body mass index | 28.5±6.5 | 28.3±6.4 | 0.814 |
| Pre-existing conditions | |||
| Coronary artery disease | 70 (50%) | 44 (64%) | 0.077 |
| Pulmonary hypertension | 50 (36%) | 25 (36%) | 0.877 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 19 (14%) | 12 (17%) | 0.535 |
| Diabetes | 61 (44%) | 36 (52%) | 0.235 |
| Hypertension | 80 (57%) | 46 (67%) | 0.285 |
| Dyslipidemia | 83 (59%) | 48 (70%) | 0.122 |
| Stroke | 11 (8%) | 10 (14%) | 0.150 |
| Renal failure requiring hemodialysis | 6 (4%) | 8 (12%) | 0.074 |
| Previous myocardial infarction | 46 (33%) | 25 (36%) | 0.755 |
| Heart failure etiology | 0.313 | ||
| Ischemic | 60 (43%) | 40 (58%) | |
| Idiopathic | 61 (44%) | 23 (33%) | |
| Congenital | 1 (1%) | 0 | |
| Viral | 2 (1%) | 0 | |
| Peripartum | 3 (2%) | 2 (3%) | |
| Alcoholic | 1 (1%) | 0 | |
| Myocarditis | 4 (3%) | 0 | |
| Cancer-induced | 4 (3%) | 1 (1%) | |
| Valvular | 1 (1%) | 2 (3%) | |
| LVAD indication | 0.010 | ||
| Bridge to transplant | 61 (44%) | 18 (26%) | |
| Bridge to decision | 13 (9%) | 6 (9%) | |
| Destination therapy | 60 (43%) | 45 (65%) | |
| Recovery | 6 (4%) | 0 | |
LVAD, left ventricular assist device.