Characteristics of the longitudinal studies evaluating difference in testosterone (T) levels between subjects with or without venous thromboembolism (VTE) (upper panels) and risk for VTE as derived from available pharmacoepidemiological studies (lower panels)
| Study (ref.) | No. of patients | Follow-up duration (years) | Age (years) | Body mass index | DM | Smoking | Unadjusted risk of VTE | Adjusted risk of VTE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Risk of VTE based on baseline T levels | ||||||||
| Svartberg et al,51 2009 | 1350 | 8 | 63±7 | 26.1±3.5 | 3.8 | 32.1 | – | 1.21 (0.62;2.44)* |
| Holmegard et al,52 2014 | 4673 | 21 | 57 (48–65) | 26 (23–28) | 13 | 64 | – | 1.30 (0.62;2.73)* |
| Mumoli et al,53 2015 | 126 | 2 | 64.6±14.2 | 26.7±2.8 | – | – | – | No difference |
| Risk of VTE based on TTh exposition in case–control studies | ||||||||
| Baillargeon et al,54 2015 | Cases 7643 Controls 22 929 | – | ≥ 40 | – | – | – | 0.92 (0.75;1.13)† | 0.90 (0.73;1.12)† |
| Martinez et al,55 2016 | Cases 19 215 Controls 909 530 | – | 64.8±15.2 | 26.0±4.6 | – | 19.8 | 1.84 (1.42;2.38)† | 1.25 (0.94;1.66)† |
*Highest versus lowest T quartile.
†Exposed versus unexposed to testosterone treatment (TTh).
DM, diabetes mellitus.