First author and year | Gestational age and birth weight (Grams) | Timing of INDO administration | Subject INDO w/NEC | Control group w/NEC | Subject INDO w/IP | Control group w/IP | NEC P-value | IP P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Grosfeld 1996 | 3 to 7 days of age | 90/252 (35%) | 105/764 (13.7%) | 27/252 (10.7%) | 13/764 (1.7%) | p<0.02 | p<0.05 | |
Fujii 2002 | ETG=Early Treatment: First 2 days of life | ETG=10/30 (33%) | STG=9/32 (28%) | ETG=6/30 (20%) | STG=0/32 (0%) | p=0.659 | p=0.011 | |
STG=Standard Treatment: After 2 days of life | ||||||||
O’Donovan 2003 | As needed for significant PDA | 14/108 (13.0% I) | 7/50 (14.0% L) | 5/108 (4.6% I) | 6/50 (12% L) | NS | NS | |
8/66 (12.0% I-L) | 4/66 (6.1% I-L) | |||||||
Dolberg 2005 | 24 to 34 weeks | NR | 109/1183 (9.2% PDA-I) | 192/4488 (4.3% No PDA) 37/373 (9.9% PDA only) | NR | NR | Presence of PDA itself (not I) was significant for NEC | NR |
McPherson 2008 | As needed for significant PDA | 14/228 (6.1%) | 47/628 (7.5%) | 14/228 (6.1%) | 4/628 (0.6%) | NS | p | |
Pumberger 2014 | First 24 hours of life | I+E+114/1186 (10%) | I-E+239/3128 (8%) | I+E+32/1186 (3%) | I-E+35/3128 (1%) | NS | Unadjusted p | |
I+E- 461/4688 (10%) | I-E- 667/6749 (8%) | I+E- 177/4688 (4%) | I-E- 207/6749 (3%) | |||||
Paquette 2006 | First 48 hours of life | 16 patients with IP | 32 matched controls | >2 doses of I plus>2 doses of ST increased risk of IP 9.6 times | NS | Increased risk of IP with I plus ST |
NR=Not Reported, NS=Not Significant, I=Indomethacin Treatment, L=Surgical Ligation Treatment,E+=Late Feeding (during the first 3 days), E-=Late Feeding (>first 3 days), ST=Steroids