Principal findings by obesity group
| Variable | Normoweight BMI <24.9 kg/m2 | Overweight BMI 25–29.99 kg/m2 | Obesity grade I BMI 30–34.99 kg/m2 | Obesity grade II BMI 35–39.99 kg/m2 | Obesity grade III BMI >40 kg/m2 | P value |
| N | 55 | 39 | 54 | 57 | 55 | |
| Age | 53.1 (19.3) | 60.3 (13.3) | 57.9 (20) | 58.2 (13.3) | 56.8 (11.9) | 0.41 |
| Gender (males) | 9 (13.4) | 17 (43.6) | 19 (35.2) | 22 (38.6) | 14 (22.4) | 0.02 |
| HTA | 20 (36.3) | 17 (43.6) | 23 (42.6) | 29 (50.8) | 36 (65.4) | 0.03 |
| DM2 | 7 (12.7) | 13 (33.3) | 20 (37) | 30 (52.6) | 24 (43.6) | 0.0007 |
| Dyslipidemia | 13 (23.6) | 14 (35.9) | 25 (46.3) | 35 (62.5) | 32 (58.2) | 0.0002 |
| WC (cm) | 80.8 (11.8) | 96.4 (13.3) | 109 (10.4) | 120.8 (7.4) | 133.2 (11.9) | 0.0000 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 126.3 (14.8) | 133.4 (16.3) | 127.8 (16.3) | 133.2 (14.8) | 137.1 (14.8) | 0.03 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 70.2 (14.8) | 74 (14.8) | 68.8 (14.1) | 67.2 (8.9) | 68.5 (5.9) | 0.19 |
| Charlson index | 0.2 (0) | 0.7 (0) | 1 (15) | 1.3 (1.5) | 1.5 (1.5) | 0.0000 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 86.5 (14.8) | 107.5 (23.7) | 107.3 (28.1) | 108.3 (28.1) | 95.2 (11.9) | 0.0001 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.81 (0.3) | 0.82 (0.13) | 0.83 (0.20) | 0.76 (0.19) | 0.75 (0.17) | 0.13 |
| Uric acid (mg/dL) | 4.9 (1.2) | 5.4 (1.0) | 5.1 (1.5) | 4.9 (1.4) | 4.9 (1.4) | 0.3 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 172.2 (47.4) | 168.8 (47.4) | 168.9 (45.2) | 180.9 (48.9) | 176.9 (38.5) | 0.63 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 56.3 (16.3) | 49.1 (8.9) | 48.6 (14) | 44.5 (14.8) | 44.1 (8.9) | 0.0003 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 97 (25.2) | 94.4 (27.8) | 105 (31.1) | 107.8 (35.6) | 107.1 (37) | 0.18 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 93.2 (23.7) | 118.5 (44.4) | 122.4 (42.9) | 134.3 (59.3) | 132.2 (45.9) | 0.00000 |
| U Osm (mosm/kg) | 670.8 (133.4) | 705 (132.3) | 776.8 (186) | 670.9 (183.8) | 672.3 (222.4) | 0.03 |
| Specific urinary gravity (g/L) | 1015.5 (7.4) | 1017.3 (4.4) | 1025.5 (14.8) | 1020.5 (8.89) | 1020.2 (0) | 0.0000 |
| P Osm (mosm/kg) | 290.8 (5.6) | 293.8 (9.4) | 295.9 (5.3) | 298.5 (6.6) | 298.3 (6.3) | 0.0000 |
Continuous variables are shown as 20% trimmed mean (MAD, median absolute deviation) and compared by Brunner-Dette-Munk test (heteroscedastic rank-based test); qualitative variables are shown as number (proportion) and compared by Χ2 test.
BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; DM2, type 2 diabetes; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HTA, hypertension; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; P Osm, plasma osmolality; SBP, systolic blood pressure; U Osm, urinary osmolality; WC, waist circumference.