ORs (95% CIs) for fracture according to levels of total and protein-bound S1P by quartile
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |||||||
| OR | 95% CI | P value | OR | 95% CI | P value | OR | 95% CI | P value | |
| Total S1P (pmol/mL) | |||||||||
| Q1 (535.46–919.50) | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Q2 (919.51–1063.61) | 4.75 | 1.16 to 19.37 | 0.030 | 1.99 | 0.89 to 4.49 | 0.083 | 1.96 | 0.84 to 4.54 | 0.117 |
| Q3 (1063.62–1245.48) | 5.13 | 1.34 to 19.71 | 0.017 | 2.09 | 0.96 to 4.71 | 0.063 | 2.14 | 1.03 to 4.76 | 0.044 |
| Q4 (1245.49–1664.76) | 5.36 | 1.22 to 23.63 | 0.026 | 2.38 | 1.16 to 5.25 | 0.031 | 2.23 | 1.12 to 4.81 | 0.033 |
| Albumin-bound form (pmol/mL) | |||||||||
| Q1 (301.15–514.30) | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Q2 (514.31–617.72) | 2.70 | 0.83 to 8.77 | 0.099 | 1.80 | 0.87 to 3.94 | 0.110 | 1.79 | 0.75 to 4.25 | 0.186 |
| Q3 (617.73–709.74) | 3.10 | 0.99 to 9.74 | 0.053 | 1.90 | 0.88 to 4.22 | 0.085 | 1.93 | 0.82 to 4.55 | 0.134 |
| Q4 (709.75–999.19) | 4.48 | 1.22 to 16.42 | 0.024 | 2.08 | 1.02 to 4.45 | 0.048 | 1.98 | 0.91 to 4.36 | 0.090 |
| HDL-bound form (pmol/mL) | |||||||||
| Q1 (164.86–306.18) | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Q2 (306.19–375.11) | 1.38 | 0.47 to 4.02 | 0.553 | 1.20 | 0.54 to 2.69 | 0.655 | 1.24 | 0.55 to 2.77 | 0.603 |
| Q3 (375.12–479.63) | 1.84 | 0.58 to 5.86 | 0.302 | 1.35 | 0.63 to 2.88 | 0.442 | 1.31 | 0.61 to 2.80 | 0.485 |
| Q4 (479.64–709.68) | 2.92 | 0.84 to 10.14 | 0.091 | 1.58 | 0.73 to 3.41 | 0.242 | 1.63 | 0.76 to 3.50 | 0.211 |
| LDL-bound form (pmol/mL) | |||||||||
| Q1 (16.29–42.74) | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Q2 (42.76–60.21) | 1.00 | 0.37 to 2.71 | 0.996 | 0.98 | 0.45 to 2.12 | 0.956 | 0.99 | 0.46 to 2.15 | 0.990 |
| Q3 (60.22–79.38) | 1.11 | 0.41 to 2.98 | 0.842 | 1.07 | 0.50 to 2.29 | 0.852 | 1.10 | 0.52 to 2.34 | 0.801 |
| Q4 (79.39–131.63) | 1.66 | 0.56 to 4.88 | 0.358 | 1.28 | 0.62 to 2.63 | 0.505 | 1.31 | 0.64 to 2.69 | 0.457 |
Boldface values are statistically significant.
Model 1: unadjusted model. Model 2: adjusted for age, BMI, current smoking status, alcohol intake (≥3 units/day), parental history of hip fracture, and secondary osteoporosis. Model 3: adjusted for FN-BMD, in addition to the risk factors included in model 2.
BMD, bone mineral density; BMI, body mass index; FN-BMD, BMD at femur neck; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; S1P, sphingosine 1-phosphate.