Studies of Young and Middle-Aged Adults with COVID-19 and Strokes.
| Author name, year and location of study | Total number of patients (N | NIHSS* score upon admission | Symptoms on Presentation | Previous cardiovascular history | MRI findings (infarction or thrombus location) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ashrafi 2020 Iran | N= 6, mean age= 43.5 ± 7.42, range= 33–53 | 10.16 ± 7.13 | (4/6) had respiratory symptoms, (6/6) had hemiparesis and/or dysarthria | (2/6) hypertension, (1/6) diabetes mellitus and hypertension, (3/6) no co-morbidities | (3/6) right middle cerebral artery, (2/6) left middle cerebral artery, (1/6) left basal ganglia |
| Klein 2020 Hempstead, New York | N= 1, Age= 29 | Not Reported | Mild respiratory symptoms and seizures | None | left tempoparietal, thrombosis in distal left transverse and sigmoid sinus |
| Fara 2020, New York | N=3 (two were < 60), Patient 1= 55, Patient 2= 33 | Not Reported | Mild Respiratory symptoms and hemiplegia in both patients | 1/2 had diabetes | (3/3) right carotid artery |
| Oxley 2020, New York | N= 5, range= 33–49, mean= 40.4 | mean=16.8 | (5/5) with focal weakness, hemiplagia and/or dysarthria, (2/5) patients had no COVID symptoms, (2/5) had mild respiratory symptoms | (2/5) previously healthy, (1/5) hypertension, (2/5) diabetes, (1/5) hyperlipidemia | (2/5) left middle cerebral, (1/5) right internal carotid artery, (1/5) right posterior cerebral artery, (1/5) right middle cerebral artery |
| Yaghi 2020 New York | N=32 with stroke, 13 of 32 were younger than 60 years old | mean=19 for all stroke patients | Young adults (N=13): 11/13 (85%) had cough, fever and/or hypoxia, 2/13 (15%) had no symptoms | 7/13 (54%) Hypertension, 6/13 (46%) Hyperlipidemia, 5/13 (38%) Diabetes mellitus, 1/13 (7.7%) Coronary Artery diseasem 1/13 (7.7%) Congestive heart failure | 9/13 (69%) Cryptogenic stroke, 2/13 (15%) Cardioembolic stroke, 1/13 (7.7%) Large vessel stroke, 1/13 (7.7%) Other |
| Tunc 2020, Turkey | N=4 (one was < 60) Patient 1= 45 | 16 | Mild respiratory symptoms and Left sided hemiparesis | None | Large vessel stenosis, right middle cerebral artery infarction |
| Cavallieri 2020, Italy | N=1, Age=33 | Not Reported | Mild respiratory symptoms, headache and balance disorder | None | bilateral cerebellar ischemic lesions |
| Diaz-Segarra, New Jersey | N=4, (two were < 60), Patient 1= 54, Patient 2=37 | Not Reported | Mild respiratory symptoms for one of two, respiratory symptoms for other one, and 2/2 with hemiparesis and/or aphasia | 1 with undiagnosed hypertension, and 1 with undiagnosed type 2 diabetes | Patient 1- Basilar artery and right superior cerebellar artery, Patient 2- left middle cerebral artery |
*NIHSS: National Institute of Health Stroke Scale, Very Severe: >25, Severe: 15–24, Mild to Moderately Severe: 5–14, Mild: 1–5