Tobacco cigarette alternative | Cardiovascular impact |
---|---|
E cigarettes Alzahrani T Et al., 2018 Vindhyal, M. R. Et al., 2019 Moheimani RS Et al., 2017 | Myocardial infarction, stroke Arrhythmias |
Hookah Selim Et al., GM 2013 | Increased risk of CAD |
Smokeless tobacco Bolinder G Et al., 1994 Henley SJ Et al., 2005 INTERHEART study 2006 Boffetta P Et al., 2009 ARIC study Et 2010 Arefalk G Et al., 2014 | Association with MI and increased cardiovascular mortality |
Nicotine replacement therapy NRT RCT 1994 Joseph AM Et al.,1996 Mills EJ Et al., 2014 | Imparts no additional cardiovascular risk. |