Table 1

Clinical and laboratory characteristics of controls and patients with obesity

	Obese patients (n=50) Mean±SD	Healthy controls (n=22) Mean±SD	P value
Age (years)	30±6.81	29±5.04	0.065*
Sex: male/female	25/25	11/11
BMI (kg/m²)	36.52±4.39	22.35±1.85	<0.001
Waist circumference (cm)	113.51±12.17	77.05±6.64	<0.001*
Hip circumference (cm)	121.06±13.27	92.77±8.95	<0.001*
WHR	0.94±0.09	0.83±0.07	<0.001*
SBP (mm Hg)	122.35±14.39	104.09±12.02	<0.001
DBP (mm Hg)	74.12±11.26	65.91±7.5	0.003
FBG (mg/dL)	99.16±8.37	88.41±5.93	<0.001*
Fasting insulin	14.43±6.73	7.65±3.4	<0.001
HOMA-IR	3.54±1.9	1.69±0.82	<0.001
AST (mg/dL)	34.1±22.21	27.18±32.65	0.029
ALT (mg/dL)	22.73±10.44	17.73±3.3	0.162
Creatinine (mg/dL)	0.77±0.12	0.76±0.12	0.548
Uric acid (mg/dL)	5.92±1.69	4.46±1.54	0.002
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	188.56±39.73	185.09±31.08	<0.001
LDL-c (mg/dL)	112.92±44.7	112.92±44.7	0.400
Non-HDL-c (mg/dL)	145.06±40.1	126.59±36.82	<0.001*
HDL-c (mg/dL)	43.43±10.62	63.27±24.97	<0.001
Triglyceride (mg/dL)	149.1±86.15	96.34±66.34	0.001
WBC (×10³/µL)	8.11±1.57	792±2.05	0.666*
HGB (g/dL)	14.33±1.68	14.4±1.47	0.865*
CRP (m/dL)	0.59±0.42	0.2±00.2	<0.001
ESR (mm/hour)	12.71±9.11	5.27±3.97	<0.001
VAI	2.3±1.55	0.97±0.47	<0.001
Serum adropin (ng/L)	180.63±106.89	318.75±150.26	<0.001

*Student’s t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. Statistical significance at p<0.05 and p<0.001.
ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; CRP, C reactive protein; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; FBG, fasting blood glucose; HDL-c, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HGB, hemoglobin; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance; LDL-c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; SBP, systolic blood pressure; VAI, visceral adiposity index; WHR, waist to hip ratio.