Table 1

Characteristics of study patients at baseline

Variables	With antidepressants		Without antidepressants (unmatched)		P value*	Without antidepressants (onefold matching)		P value†
Variables	n	%	n	%	P value*	n	%	P value†
Total	1789		8825			1789
First pregnancy					<0.001			0.999
Yes	894	49.97	5592	63.37		894	49.97
No	895	50.03	3233	36.63		895	50.03
Age (years)	40.60±10.67		36.21±11.84		<0.001	40.55±10.61		0.888
Age group (years)					<0.001			0.999
18–34	358	20.01	4228	47.91		358	20.01
35–55	1431	79.99	4597	52.09		1431	79.99
Insured premium (new Taiwan dollar)					<0.001			0.993
<18,000	1612	90.11	7351	83.30		1610	89.99
18,000–34,999	124	6.93	862	9.77		125	6.99
≥35,000	53	2.96	612	6.93		54	3.02
Comorbidities
Anxiety disorder	786	43.94	4142	46.93	0.110	787	43.99	0.973
Multiple gestation	6	0.34	98	1.11	0.002	5	0.28	0.763
Diabetes mellitus	220	12.30	2156	24.43	<0.001	221	12.35	0.959
Hypertension	318	17.78	2978	33.75	<0.001	319	17.83	0.985
Dyslipidemia	136	7.60	1814	20.56	<0.001	136	7.60	0.999
Uteroplacental ischemia and hemorrhage	0	0	11	0.12	0.230	0	0	–
Reproductive tract infection	6	0.34	19	0.22	0.296	6	0.34	0.999
Pre-eclampsia	3	0.17	9	0.10	0.439	2	0.11	0.654
Eclampsia	0	0	7	0.08	0.610	0	0	–
Placenta previa	3	0.17	16	0.18	0.901	3	0.17	0.999
Abruptio placenta	0	0	0	0	–	0	0	–
Polycystic ovaries	2	0.11	4	0.05	0.268	1	0.06	0.564
Hypogonadism	0	0	1	0.01	0.653	0	0	–
Hypergonadism	0	0	0	0	–	0	0	–
Pregnancy with history of infertility	3	0.17	13	0.15	0.743	2	0.11	0.654
Morbid obesity or overweight	1	0.06	8	0.09	0.645	1	0.06	0.999
Location					<0.001			0.997
Northern Taiwan	762	42.59	3032	34.36		760	42.47
Middle Taiwan	417	23.31	1975	22.38		418	23.37
Southern Taiwan	453	25.32	2006	22.73		452	25.27
Eastern Taiwan	133	7.43	1085	12.29		137	7.66
Outlets islands	24	1.35	727	8.24		22	1.23
Urbanization level					<0.001			0.998
1 (highest)	658	36.78	3004	34.04		659	36.83
2	802	44.83	3262	36.96		800	44.72
3	111	6.20	1325	15.01		113	6.32
4 (lowest)	218	12.19	1234	13.99		217	12.13
Level of care					<0.001			0.998
Hospital center	650	36.33	2897	32.83		650	36.33
Regional hospital	744	41.59	2983	33.80		745	41.64
Local hospital	395	22.08	2945	33.37		394	22.03

P vaues: χ²/Fisher exact test for categorical variables and t-test for continuous variables.
*Comparison of ‘with antidepressants’ and ‘without antidepressants’ (unmatched).
†Comparison of with antidepressants and without antidepressants (one-fold matching).