Prevalence of clinical manifestations in relation to autoantibody phenotype
| Nucleosome (+) (n=31) | Nucleosome (−) (n=247) | OR (95% CI) | P value | dsDNA (+) (n=204) | dsDNA (−) (n=82) | OR (95% CI) | P value | Sm (+) (n=35) | Sm (−) (n=256) | OR (95% CI) | P value | RNP (+) (n=31) | RNP (−) (n=261) | OR (95% CI) | P value | Ro (+) (n=108) | Ro (−) (n=184) | OR (95% CI) | P value | La (+) (n=27) | La (−) (n=265) | OR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Clinical manifestations | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Arthritis | 19 (65.5) | 129 (54.9) | 1.200 (0.562 to 2.562) | 0.638 | 115 (56.9) | 39 (52.7) | 1.242 (0.715 to 2.158) | 0.442 | 19 (57.6) | 136 (55.5) | 1.113 (0.529 to 2.344) | 0.777 | 18 (62.1) | 137 (55.0) | 1.321 (0.685 to 2.547) | 0.406 | 60 (57.7) | 95 (54.3) | 0.892 (0.539 to 1.477) | 0.658 | 20 (80) | 135 (53.1) | 3.286 (1.184 to 9.124) | 0.022 |
| Facial rash | 11 (37.9) | 127 (54.0 | 0.434 (0.199 to 0.946) | 0.036 | 112 (55.4) | 36 (48.6) | 1.326 (0.759 to 2.314) | 0.321 | 22 (66.7) | 127 (51.8) | 0.536 (0.246 to 1.167) | 0.116 | 22 (75.9) | 127 (51.0) | 1.140 (0.474 to 2.737) | 0.545 | 54 (51.9) | 96 (54.9) | 1.140 (0.688 to 1.889) | 0.611 | 14 (56.0) | 136 (53.5) | 1.018 (0.439 to 2.364) | 0.288 |
| Discoid lupus | 3 (10.3) | 29 (12.3) | 1.313 (0.477 to 3.613) | 0.598 | 22 (10.9) | 15 (20.3) | 1.866 (0.889 to 3.916) | 0.099 | 5 (15.2) | 32 (13.1) | 1.203 (0.430 to 3.372) | 0.725 | 4 (13.8) | 33 (13.3) | 1.473 (0.604 to 3.596) | 0.395 | 12 (11.5) | 25 (14.3) | 0.793 (0.373 to 1.685) | 0.546 | 4 (16.0) | 33 (13.0) | 1.277 (0.405 to 4.027) | 0.718 |
| Mucosal ulceration | 17 (58.6) | 121 (51.5) | 1.478 (0.698 to 3.127) | 0.307 | 104 (51.5) | 40 (54.1) | 1.150 (0.664 to 1.001) | 0.618 | 20 (60.6) | 125 (51.0) | 1.458 (0.692 to 3.071) | 0.321 | 15 (51.7) | 130 (52.2) | 1.151 (0.795 to 1.668) | 0.457 | 55 (52.9) | 90 (51.4) | 1.024 (0.623 to 1.684) | 0.926 | 10 (40.0) | 135 (53.1) | 0.574 (0.246 to 1.337) | 0.198 |
| Photosensitivity | 20 (69.0) | 159 (67.7) | 0.720 (0.331 to 1.567) | 0.408 | 129 (63.9) | 57 (77.0) | 1.829 (0.961 to 3.479) | 0.066 | 24 (72.7) | 165 (8.6) | 1.286/0.557 to 2.972) | 0.556 | 22 (75,9) | 167 (67.1) | 1.473 (0.604 to 3.596) | 0.395 | 69 (66.3) | 120 (68.6) | 0.785 (0.456 to 1.353) | 0.384 | 17 (68.0) | 172 (67.7) | 0.798 (0.326 to 1.954) | 0.115 |
| Hemolytic anemia | 0 | 19 (8.1%) | 0.00 | 0.998 | 15 (7.4) | 4 (5.4) | 0.865 (0.268 to 2.793) | 0.809 | 2 (6.1) | 17 (6.9) | 1.113 (0.242 to 5.118) | 0.891 | 1 (3.4) | 18 (7.2) | 1.047 (0.684 to 1.604) | 0.832 | 7 (6.7) | 12 (6.9) | 0.902 (0.335 to 2.428) | 0.839 | 0 | 19 (7.5) | 0.00 | 0.998 |
| Leukopenia | 24 (82.8) | 136 (57.9) | 3.656 (1.354 to 9.869) | 0.011 | 124 (61.4) | 41 (55.4) | 0.778 (0.447 to 1.354) | 0.375 | 22 (66.7) | 146 (59.6) | 1.393 (0.63 to 3.019) | 0.400 | 19 (65.5) | 149 (59.8) | 1.319 (0.679 to 2.560) | 0.414 | 66 (63.5) | 102 (58.3) | 1.180 (0.708 to 1.966) | 0.525 | 18 (72.0 | 150 (59.1) | 1.734 (0.693 to 4.336) | 0.240 |
| Thrombocytopenia | 5 (17.2) | 34 (14.5) | 1.363 (0.496 to 3.744) | 0.549 | 34 (16.8) | 6 (8.1) | 0.482 (0.188 to 1.235) | 0.128 | 4 (12.1) | 37 (15.1) | 0.757 (0.244 to 2.350) | 4 (13.8) | 37 (14.9) | 1.115 (0.662 to 1.877) | 0.683 | 12 (11.5) | 29 (16.6) | 0.752 (0.356 to 1.587) | 0.455 | 4 (16) | 37 (14.6) | 1.462 (0.463 to 4.622) | 0.518 | |
| Neurological | 3 (10.3) | 32 (13.6) | 0.630 (0.185 to 2.148) | 0.460 | 25 (12.4) | 11 (14.9) | 1.036 (0.467 to 2.300) | 0.930 | 6 (18.2) | 31 (12.7) | 1.589 (0.588 to 4.298) | 0.362 | 4 (13.8) | 33 (13.3) | 1.211 (0.426 to 3.447) | 0.720 | 12 (11.5) | 25 (14.3) | 0.657 (0.307 to 1.408) | 0.280 | 1 (4.0) | 36 (14.2) | 0.231 (0.030 to 1.788) | 0.161 |
| Nephritis | 13 (44.8) | 58 (24.7) | 2.593 (1.169 to 5.750) | 0.019 | 65 (32.2) | 8 (10.8) | 0.226 (0.096 to 0.531) | 0.001 | 9 (27.3) | 64 (26.1) | 1.036 (0.436 to 2.457) | 0.937 | 10 (34.5) | 63 (25.3) | 1.461 (0.626 to 3.407) | 0.381 | 23 (22.1) | 50 (28.6) | 0.910 (0.499 to 1.659) | 0.758 | 5 (20.0) | 68 (26.8) | 0.793 (0.276 to 2.281) | 0.667 |
| Serositis | 4 (13.8) | 27 (208) | 1.168 (0.392 to 3.477) | 0.781 | 31 (15.3) | 5 (6.8) | 0.403 (0.148 to 1.095) | 0.075 | 7 (21.2) | 29 (11.8) | 2.058 (0.815 to 5.197) | 0.127 | 5 (17.2) | 31 (12.4) | 1.447 (0.514 to 4.070) | 0.484 | 9 (8.7) | 27 (15.4) | 0.519 (0.231 to 1.167) | 0.113 | 3 (22) | 33 (13.0) | 0.928 (0.259 to 3.325) | 0.908 |
Data are expressed as mean and frequency and percentage.
Bold values denote statistical significance (p<0.05).
dsDNA, double-stranded DNA; RNP, ribonucleoprotein; Sm, Smith; SSA/Ro and SSA/La, Sjogren syndrome-related antigens.