Comparison of clinical characteristics among subjects with NGT, IFG, IGT, IFG+IGT, and NDD
| NGT | IFG | IGT | IFG+IGT | NDD | P value* | |
| n | 125 | 116 | 106 | 27 | 128 | – |
| Age (years) | 61.4±11.0 | 60.0±11.3 | 60.7±12.5 | 64.3±9.3 | 63.0±11.2 | NS |
| Female (%) | 42.4 | 37.9 | 36.8 | 44.4 | 43.0 | NS |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.2±2.4 | 23.9±2.2 | 23.4±2.4 | 24.1±2.0 | 23.5±2.5 | NS |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 122.1±15.4 | 127.6±15.8 | 125.5±16.7 | 134.9±15.8 | 132.9±19.3 | <0.001 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 71.7±9.7 | 74.7±9.7 | 73.2±10.4 | 78.2±10.2 | 76.8±11.0 | <0.001 |
| Hypertension (%) | 13.6 | 24.3 | 18.1 | 22.2 | 30.7 | 0.017 |
| FPG (mg/dL) | 85.7±7.2 | 105.0±5.4 | 85.6±7.4 | 107.9±6.3 | 136.6±57.0 | <0.001 |
| PPG (mg/dL) | 99.8±22.7 | 108.6±20.7 | 159.6±15.3 | 167.5±14.8 | 255.2±80.0 | <0.001 |
| HbA1C (%) | 5.7±0.3 | 5.9±0.4 | 5.8±0.3 | 6.0±0.3 | 7.3±1.8 | <0.001 |
| Insulin (mU/L) | 2.9±2.5 | 3.6±3.3 | 3.1±4.7 | 4.9±3.5 | 4.0±3.7 | 0.020 |
| HOMA-IR | 0.61±0.52 | 0.87±0.55 | 0.57±0.51 | 1.32±0.97 | 1.42±1.75 | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 205.1±31.6 | 210.6±35.1 | 201.8±37.1 | 201.0±34.4 | 214.5±47.7 | NS |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 99.2 (77.1–133.90) | 112.0 (81.0–160.8) | 102.0 (72.7–145.7) | 115.0 (84.3–194.0) | 118.5 (83.7–184.0) | 0.028 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 53.8±15.8 | 52.1±14.0 | 52.2±13.8 | 53.4±15.3 | 51.0±13.1 | NS |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 94.2±18.5 | 89.1±16.3 | 92.2±18.0 | 92.7±15.9 | 89.2±19.3 | NS |
| AST (U/L) | 26.0±7.1 | 26.1±7.9 | 26.1±8.0 | 27.3±12.2 | 31.2±37.3 | NS |
| ALT (U/L) | 25.4±11.9 | 28.3±17.2 | 26.5±15.8 | 28.1±19.3 | 34.3±50.7 | NS |
| hsCRP (mg/L) | 3.2±6.2 | 3.0±4.6 | 2.8±4.5 | 3.3±5.3 | 5.9±10.8 | 0.003 |
Data are expressed as mean±SD, median (IQR), or %.
*By analysis of variance, χ2, or Kruskal-Wallis test.
ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1C, hemoglobin A1C; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C reactive protein; IFG, impaired fasting glucose; IGT, impaired glucose tolerance; NDD, newly diagnosed diabetes; NGT, normal glucose tolerance; PPG, postload 2-hour plasma glucose; SBP, systolic blood pressure.