Clinical and demographics risk factors for post-NEC stricture formation
| Post-NEC Stricture n=15 (13%) | No Stricture n=103 (87%) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Birth Weight, grams, median (IQR) | 1000 (760-1490) | 1030 (750-1600) | 0.5635 |
| Birth Gestational Age (GA), weeks, mean (SD) | 28.9 (3.4) | 29 (3) | 0.9420 |
| Race: Non-Hispanic White Race: Non-Hispanic Black | 3 (27%) 6 (56%) | 12 (16%) 46 (63%) | 0.4384 |
| Female Sex | 5 (33%) | 45 (44%) | 0.4305 |
| Small for gestational age (SGA) <10%tile | 2 (13%) | 17 (17%) | 0.7326 |
| No Antenatal Steroids | 2 (14%) | 20 (20%) | 0.7928 |
| Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) | 8 (53%) | 43 (42%) | 0.4150 |
| Respiratory Support: CPAP/HFNC Respiratory Support: Ventilator | 15 (100%) 13 (87%) | 85 (84%) 83 (82%) | 0.0969 0.6676 |
| Initial Feed type: BM/DBM Initial Feed type: Formula Initial Feed type: Both | 9 (64%) 0 (0%) 5 (36%) | 58 (60%) 19 (20%) 19 (20%) | 0.1211 |
| Day of life (DOL) first feed, median (IQR) | 3 (2.5-13) | 3 (2-6) | 0.4296 |
| DOL fortified 24kcal/oz, median (IQR) | 24 (11.5-28.5) | 14 (11-26) | 0.6324 |
| DOL full feeds, median (IQR) | 20 (12-30) | 14 (10-23) | 0.4313 |
| Type of feeds at NEC diagnosis: BM/DBM Type of feeds at NEC diagnosis: Formula Type of feeds at NEC diagnosis: Both Type of feeds at NEC diagnosis: NPO | 7 (58%) 0 (0%) 5 (42%) 0 (0%) | 31 (35%) 33 (38%) 22 (26%) 1 (1%) | 0.0674 |
| DOL NEC diagnosis, median (IQR) | 20 (14-32) | 22 (11-35) | 0.8367 |
| PMA NEC diagnosis, mean (SD) | 32.3 (2.2) | 32.8 (3.9) | 0.5689 |
| NEC Stage 1 NEC Stage 2 NEC Stage 3 | 2 (13%) 8 (53%) 5 (34%) | 24 (23%) 58 (56%) 21 (21%) | 0.4478 |
| NEC treatment: medical NEC treatment: penrose drain NEC treatment: ex lap | 3 (20%) 0 (0%) 12 (80%) | 65 (66%) 9 (9%) 25 (25%) | 0.0001 |
| Positive blood culture | 4 (29%) | 20 (21%) | 0.5402 |
| Ostomy placed | 9 (64%) | 28 (28%) | <0.0001 |
| Duration NPO after NEC diagnosis, median (IQR) | 15.5 (13-17) | 11 (8-15) | 0.0255 |
| DOL feeds restarted after NEC, median (IQR) | 44 (32-50) | 34 (24-53) | 0.4823 |
| Type of Feeds after NEC: BM Type of Feeds after NEC: Formula Type of Feeds after NEC: Both | 10 (71%) 3 (21%) 1 (7%) | 40 (41%) 52 (53%) 6 (6%) | 0.0786 |
| Lowest pH within 1 week after NEC, median (IQR) | 7.16 (7.11-7.31) | 7.24 (7.14-7.36) | 0.2253 |
| Lowest Sodium within 1 week after NEC, mean (SD) | 129 (5) | 132 (5) | 0.0319 |
| Highest Potassium within 1 week after NEC, mean (SD) | 6.4 (1.5) | 5.6 (0.8) | 0.0057 |
| Lowest Potassium within 1 week after NEC, mean (SD) | 3.4 (0.9) | 3.7 (0.7) | 0.2442 |
| Lowest platelet count within 1 week after NEC, median (IQR) | 30 (12-96) | 99 (41-239) | 0.0311 |
| Lowest WBC count within 1 week after NEC, mean (SD) | 4.9 (2.6) | 8 (5) | 0.0029 |
| Highest WBC count within 1 week after NEC, mean (SD) | 15.1 (6.5) | 18 (10) | 0.3311 |
BM, breast milk; CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure; DBM, donor breast milk; DOL, day of life; Ex lap, exploratory laparotomy; GA, gestational age; HFNC, high flow nasal cannula; IQR, interquartile range; NEC, necrotizing enterocolitis; NPO, nil per os; PDA, patent ductus arteriosus; PMA, post-menstrual age in weeks; SD, standard deviation; SGA, small for gestational age status <10%tile; WBC, white blood cell.