Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics
| Variables | All patients | Survivors (n=43) | Non-survivors (n=56) | P value |
| Age (mean±SD) | 45.9±18.5 | 41.2±18.5 | 49.4±18.2 | 0.031* |
| Male sex, n (%) | 59 (59) | 24 (55.8) | 35 (62.5) | 0.502 |
| Source of sepsis (%) | 0.301 | |||
| Pulmonary | 68 (68) | 29 (67.4) | 39 (69.6) | |
| Intra-abdominal | 11 (11) | 4 (9.3) | 7 (12.5) | |
| Skin and soft tissue | 7 (7) | 4 (9.3) | 3 (5.4) | |
| Meningitis | 6 (6) | 1 (2.3) | 4 (7.2) | |
| Urosepsis | 4 (4) | 1 (2.3) | 3 (5.6) | |
| Catheter-related bloodstream infection | 1 (1) | 1 (2.3) | 0 | |
| Other | 3 (3) | 3 (6.9) | 0 | |
| Comorbid conditions (%) | ||||
| Any | 72 (72) | 29 (67.4) | 43 (76.8) | 0.72 |
| Hypertension | 20 (20) | 4 (9.3) | 16 (28.6) | 0.018* |
| Diabetes | 19 (19) | 5 (11.7) | 14 (25.9) | 0.094 |
| Chronic neurological disease | 21 (21) | 10 (23.3) | 11 (19.7) | 0.663 |
| Chronic lung disease | 14 (14) | 7 (16.2) | 7 (12.5) | 0.593 |
| Chronic heart disease | 10 (10) | 2 (4.7) | 8 (14.3) | 0.179 |
| Malignancy | 7 (7) | 2 (4.6) | 5 (8.9) | 0.696 |
| Chronic liver disease | 3 (3) | 0 | 3 (5.4) | 0.253 |
| Others | 3 (3) | 1 (2.3) | 2 (3.7) | |
| Severity scoring | ||||
| APACHE score (mean±SD) | 83.6±29.3 | 78.9±23.9 | 94.7±28.5 | <0.001* |
| SOFA score (mean±SD) | 7.32±3.0 | 6.28±2.73 | 8.14±3.02 | 0.002* |
| SAPS 3 (mean±SD) | 52.01±15.57 | 44.07±12.55 | 58.19±14.94 | <0.001* |
| Organ dysfunction (%) | ||||
| Septic shock | 62 (62) | 20 (46.5) | 42 (75) | 0.004* |
| Acute kidney injury | 25 (25) | 7 (16.2) | 18 (32.1) | 0.072 |
| Acute respiratory distress syndrome | 15 (15) | 5 (11.6) | 10 (17.9) | 0.392 |
*p-value less than the pre-defined level of significance (i.e. < 0.05)
APACHE, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; SAPS, Simplified Acute Physiology Score; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment.