Patient characteristics associated with telephone visits
| Factor | Telephone (N=6921) | Other visits (N=36,324) | P value | Adjusted OR for telephone visits (95% CI) | P value |
| Age (years), mean±SD | 56.1±17.2 | 56.6±17.5 | 0.03 | 1.0 (0.99 to 1.002) for every 1 year increase in age | 0.76 |
| Age ≥65 years, n (%) | 2444 (35.3) | 13,816 (38) | <0.001 | ||
| Sex, n (%) | |||||
| Male | 2611 (37.7) | 13,848 (38.1) | 0.52 | ||
| Female | 4313 (62.3) | 22,491 (61.9) | |||
| Race, n (%) | |||||
| White | 5299 (76.6) | 28,133 (77.5) | 0.002 | Reference | |
| Black | 1051 (15.2) | 4642 (13.6) | 0.96 (0.88 to 1.04) | 0.36 | |
| Hispanic | 241 (3.5) | 1336 (3.7) | 0.79 (0.68 to 0.92) | 0.002 | |
| Others | 327 (4.2) | 1893 (5.2) | 0.86 (0.76 to 0.98) | 0.018 | |
| Type of insurance, n (%) | |||||
| Private | 4010 (59.3) | 22,451 (63) | <0.001 | Reference | |
| Medicaid and other public | 1228 (18.2) | 5205 (14.6) | 1.13 (1.04 to 1.22) | 0.003 | |
| Medicare | 1448 (21.4) | 7533 (21.2) | 1.05 (0.97 to 1.12) | 0.19 | |
| No insurance | 78 (1.2) | 426 (1.2) | 1.08 (0.84 to 1.37) | 0.57 | |
| Median household income by zip code (by quartile), n (%) | |||||
| Lowest | 2020 (29.2) | 8301 (22.85) | <0.001 | Reference | |
| Second | 1696 (24.5) | 9002 (24.8) | 0.79 (0.73 to 0.86) | <0.001 | |
| Third | 1582 (22.8) | 9600 (26.4) | 0.72 (0.66 to 0.78) | <0.001 | |
| Highest | 1626 (23.5) | 9433 (26) | 0.76 (0.71 to 0.82) | <0.001 | |
| Employment status, n (%) | |||||
| Employed | 2467 (35.9) | 14,401 (39.6) | <0.001 | Reference | |
| Unemployed | 2965 (43.1) | 13,818 (38) | 1.17 (1.1 to 1.25) | <0.001 | |
| Retired | 1249 (18.2) | 7460 (20.5) | 0.97 (0.89 to 1.06) | 0.58 | |
| Unknown | 198 (2.9) | 654 (1.8%) | 1.47 (1.22 to 1.77) | <0.001 | |
| Marital status | |||||
| Married | 3293 (47.6) | 18,170 (50) | 0.001 | Reference | |
| Single | 3528 (51%) | 17,678 (48.6) | 1.02 (0.97 to 1.08) | 0.44 | |
| Others | 103 (1.5%) | 490 (1.3) | 1.08 (0.86 to 1.35) | 0.51 | |
| H/o tobacco use | 1086 (15.9) | 4817 (13.4) | <0.001 | 1.11 (1.03 to 1.2) | 0.004 |
| H/o alcohol use | 2971 (44.85) | 15 723 (45) | 0.16 | ||
| H/o illicit drug use | 432 (6.5) | 2225 (6.4) | 0.84 | ||
| Primary language | |||||
| English | 6755 (97.6) | 35,600 (98) | 0.002 | Reference | |
| Spanish | 92 (1.3) | 321 (0.9) | 1.40 (1.08 to 1.81) | 0.009 | |
| Other languages | 77 (1.1) | 418 (1.2) | 0.89 (0.69 to 1.16) | 0.4 | |