Table 1

Mean value and SD of balanced accuracy, recall, precision, F 1 score, AUC, MCC, DYI and kappa of the machine learning models and the proposed method implemented in this study

MethodsBalanced accuracyRecallPrecision F1 score
SVM81.24±0.5481.31±0.6181.26±0.6481.54±0.67
DT83.25±0.7883.17±0.7283.15±0.7383.31±0.74
GNB80.08±0.6780.11±0.7579.91±0.6280.07±0.66
KNN85.42±0.5985.48±0.4586.01±0.3586.08±0.41
XGB92.37±0.3192.43±0.3692.55±0.2492.42±0.27
MethodsAUCMCCDYIKappa
SVM0.81±0.0272.03±0.6580.96±0.6872.65±0.64
DT0.83±0.0272.94±0.7282.79±0.6373.58±0.69
GNB0.80±0.0271.65±0.7579.87±0.7172.61±0.73
KNN0.85±0.0275.16±0.4385.23±0.4775.86±0.51
XGB0.92±0.0284.23±0.2692.39±0.2485.14±0.25
  • AUC, area under the curve; DT, decision tree; DYI, degenerate Youden index; GNB, Gaussian naïve Bayes; KNN, k-nearest neighbors; MCC, Matthew’s correlation coefficient; SVM, support vector machine; XGB, eXtreme Gradient Boosting.