Baseline clinical and biochemical characteristics of the study population
| Variables | CAD group (N=82) | Control group (N=82) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 61.9±7.8 | 58.5±7.1 | 0.003 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 51 (62.1) | 47 (57.3) | 0.289 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.89±2.2 | 27.6±2.1 | 0.407 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 36 (43.9) | 22 (26.8) | 0.034 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 16 (19.5) | 15 (18.3) | 1.000 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 49 (59.8) | 36 (43.9) | 0.061 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 73.4±10.6 | 70.6±9.6 | 0.086 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 125.1±14.2 | 121.2±12.3 | 0.066 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 79±10.5 | 75±9.1 | 0.022 |
| White cell count (×103/mm3) | 11.42±4.1 | 11.1±5.17 | 0.449 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 14.34±1.4 | 14.05±1.7 | 0.231 |
| Platelet (×103/mm3) | 244.41±48.3 | 234.04±60.3 | 0.066 |
| Serum glucose (mg/dL) | 108.72±28.9 | 109.79±39.7 | 0.234 |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.9±0.2 | 0.85±0.2 | 0.120 |
| HbA1C (%) | 5.4±1.1 | 5.2±0.9 | 0.456 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 176.16±129.4 | 171.49±80.3 | 0.425 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 182.68±38 | 178.85±42.03 | 0.542 |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | 112.17±29.5 | 105.15±39.1 | 0.197 |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | 33.37±7.72 | 39.6±8.52 | <0.001 |
| LVEF (%) | 57.57±6.7 | 57.13±8.6 | 0.983 |
| Galectin-3 (ng/mL) | 12.96±4.9 | 5.52±1.9 | <0.001 |
| Hs-CRP (mg/L) | 2.83±1.47 | 1.11±0.56 | <0.001 |
| Gensini score | 63.37±23.9 (26–123) | ||
| Number of diseased vessels | |||
| 0 | 82 (100%) | ||
| 1 | 37 (45.1%) | ||
| 2 | 30 (36.6%) | ||
| 3 | 15 (18.3%) | ||
| Location of stenosis | |||
| LMCA | 4 (4.9%) | ||
| LAD | 51 (62.2%) | ||
| LCx | 35 (42.7%) | ||
| RCA | 41 (50%) | ||
| Medical treatments | |||
| ACE inhibitor/ARB, n (%) | 22 (26.8) | 19 (23.2) | 0.718 |
| B-blocker, n (%) | 15 (18.3) | 11 (13.4) | 0.521 |
| Statin, n (%) | 11 (13.4) | 9 (11) | 0.811 |
| ASA | 21 (25.6) | 16 (19.5) | 0.231 |
ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; ASA, acetylsalicylic acid; BMI, body mass index; CAD, coronary artery disease; HbA1C, glycated haemoglobin HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; Hs-CRP, high sensitive C reactive protein; LAD, left anterior descending coronary artery; LCx left circumflex coronary artery; LDL, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; LMCA, left main coronary artery; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; RCA, right coronary artery.