Different regions within the parathyroid hormone (PTH) molecule are known to have different biological activities. In the heart, the physiological actions of the intact PTH molecule are known as positive chronotropy and coronary vasodilatation. However, it is unclear which region of the PTH exerts which physiological action in the heart. Therefore, to clarify this point, we examined the hemodynamic effect of intact PTH(1-84) and selected PTH analogs, namely, PTH(1-34), PTH(2-34), [Nle8, 18Tyr34]PTH(3-34), PTH(4-34), [Tyr34]PTH(7-34), and PTH(13-34) in isolated perfused rat hearts. Both PTH(1-84) and PTH(1-34) significantly increased heart rate and decreased coronary perfusion pressure. In contrast, neither PTH(2-34) nor [Nle8,18Tyr34]PTH(3-34) increased heart rate, but they did decrease coronary perfusion pressure. Peptides further truncated at the amino terminus, PTH(4-34), [Tyr34]PTH(7-34), and PTH(13-34), had no effect on hemodynamics. Furthermore, the protein kinase A inhibitor H89, but not the protein kinase C inhibitor H7, attenuated the hemodynamic effects of PTH(1-34) or PTH(2-34), while it prevented those of [Nle8,18Tyr34]PTH(3-34). These results clearly demonstrate that the first amino acid of PTH is essential for its chronotropic property whereas the first 3 amino acids of PTH are involved in its coronary vasodilatory action. Furthermore, protein kinase A, but not protein kinase C, appears to be involved in the chronotropic and coronary vasodilatory actions of PTH.