The pathogenesis of central nervous system (CNS) disease in acquired immunodeficiency
syndrome (AIDS) is poorly understood but may be related to specific effects of the immune …

The pathogenesis of the dementia associated with human immunodeficieny virus (HIV) infection
is unclear, but has been postulated to be due to indirect effects of HIV infection including …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system
(CNS). It predominantly affects young women and is one of the most common causes of …

Macrophages are important effector cells in immune-mediated demyelination. Current concepts
regarding their entry and activation focus on the effects of T-cell-derived cytokines. This …

Inflammation is a common process involved in aging, multiple sclerosis (MS), and age-related
neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (…

Neurological diseases associated with HIV infection include dementia, vacuolar myelopathy,
and sensory neuropathy. Although in vitro studies suggest that other nervous system cell …

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated dementia (HAD) is common among clade
B HIV-infected individuals, but less common and less severe among individuals infected with …

A hallmark of persistent HIV-1 infection in the central nervous system is increased activation
of mononuclear phagocytes and surrounding astrogliosis, conferring persistent HIV-induced …

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated dementia complex is a common and
devastating manifestation of the late phases of HIV infection. The pathogenesis of dementia …

Over 100 viruses have been associated with acute central nervous system infections. The
present review focuses on some of the most common agents of viral encephalitis, as well as …