Du Toit, 2008 | Israel and United Kingdom | 3943 in UK (>6 months) | 4657 in Israel (3–6 months) | Peanuts | Clinically validated questionnaire | N/A | Prevalence of peanut allergy in the UK=1.85% Israel=0.17% | <.001 |
Du Toit, 2015 | United Kingdom | 321 (no-peanuts) (4–11 months) | 319 (peanuts) (4–11 months) | Peanuts | Skin-prick test | 5 years of age | Control group (avoidance)=13.7% Experimental (consumption)=1.9% | <.001 |
Filipak, 2007 | Germany | 1559 (older than 4 months) | 259 (at 4 months of age) | Diversity 3–8 food groups | Eczema | 4 years | Odds ratio 1.05–1.26 | NS |
Hesselmar, 2010 | Sweden | 44 (at one year of age) | 107 (at 6 months of age) | Fish | IgE levels and Eczema | 18 months | 2% (early) vs. 18% (late group) | <0.001 |
Koplin, 2010 | Australia | 933 (no eggs) (7–9 months) | 485 (4–6 months) | Egg | Skin-prick test, parent report | 1 year of age | Infants introduced Control (later)=7.8% Experimental (earlier)=5.6% | <.001 |
Kumar, 2010 | United States | 378 (6 months or older) | 411 (under 6 months) | Milk, soy, egg white, wheat, fish mix, shellfish mix, peanut, sesame, and walnut | Skin prick test, blood test | 1 years of age | Odds ratio=0.8 | NS* |
Palmer, 2016 | Australia | 413 (no eggs) 4–6 months | 407 (4–6 months) | Egg | Blood test, medical assessment | 1 year of age | Experimental (egg in diet)=7.0%, Control (no egg)=10.3% | 0.20 |
Perkin, 2016 | United Kingdom | 651 (6 months or older) | 652 (3 months) | Cow milk, peanut, egg, sesame, white fish, wheat | Skin-prick test | 3 years of age | 67% lower positive skin tests in the experimental (early) group | 0.002 |
Peterson, 2011 | United States | 358 (older than 4 months) | 236 (under 4 months of age) | Peanuts, Eggs, Milk | IgE levels | 2–3 years | Odds ratio 0.3 (only for peanuts) | 0.017 |
Poole, 2006 | United States | 654 (6 months or older) | 958 (3–6 months) | Wheat | Questionnaire, blood test | 4 years of age | Experimental (early)=0.41% Control (late)=1.8% | 0.025 |
Venter, 2009 | United Kingdom | 496 (4 months or older) | 416 (under 4 months) | Milk, egg, wheat, cod, peanut, and sesame | Skin prick test | 3 years of age | Experimental (early)=1.44%, Control (late)=4.23% | 0.01 |